{"id":664464,"date":"2025-12-03T16:06:04","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T16:06:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=664464"},"modified":"2025-12-03T16:06:04","modified_gmt":"2025-12-03T16:06:04","slug":"masinile-electrice-ar-putea-fi-dotate-cu-un-dispozitiv-care-face-zgomot-ce-este-zgomotul-roz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=664464","title":{"rendered":"Ma\u0219inile electrice ar putea fi dotate cu un dispozitiv care face zgomot. Ce este \u201ezgomotul roz\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/masinile-electrice-ar-putea-fi-dotate-cu-un-dispozitiv-care-face-zgomot-ce-este-zgomotul-roz.jpg\" class=\"ff-og-image-inserted\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"p-0\">Vehiculele electrice sunt implicate \u00een 5,16 accidente la 160 de milioane de kilometri parcur\u0219i. Ma\u0219inile clasice dotate cu motor cu ardere intern\u0103 au o rat\u0103 de 2,40. Statistica demonstreaz\u0103 c\u0103 ma\u0219inile electrice silen\u021bioase reprezint\u0103 un pericol semnificativ \u00een trafic, potrivit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/automobile\/le-bruit-rose-une-nouvelle-solution-acoustique-pour-les-voitures-electriques-qui-pourrait-sauver-des-vies-20251203\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le Figaro<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-1\">Practic, pietonii sunt de dou\u0103 ori mai predispu\u0219i s\u0103 fie lovi\u021bi de acestea dec\u00e2t de vehiculele clasice, a\u0219a cum arat\u0103 un studiu realizat de britanici \u00een 2024. \u00cen ora\u0219e, riscul de a fi lovit este de 2,5 ori mai mare. Motivul este simplu: ma\u0219inile electric\u0103 nu pot fi auzite atunci c\u00e2nd se apropie. Acest lucru poate pune \u00een pericol pietonii neaten\u021bi care se bazeaz\u0103 \u00een principal pe auz pentru a detecta vehiculele.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"chapter-0\">M\u0103suri \u00een UE<\/h2>\n<p id=\"p-2\">Confruntat\u0103 cu aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie, Uniunea European\u0103 a luat m\u0103suri. \u00cencep\u00e2nd cu 1 iulie 2021, toate vehiculele electrice noi trebuie s\u0103 fie echipate cu un AVAS (Sistem Acustic de Alertare a Vehiculelor). Acest dispozitiv produce automat un sunet de la pornire p\u00e2n\u0103 la 20 km\/h \u0219i la mersul \u00eenapoi. Regulamentul impune, de asemenea, ca sunetul s\u0103 varieze \u00een func\u021bie de viteza vehiculului. Cu toate acestea, produc\u0103torii r\u0103m\u00e2n liberi s\u0103 aleag\u0103 natura exact\u0103 a sunetului, at\u00e2ta timp c\u00e2t respect\u0103 anumite reguli de volum \u0219i frecven\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-3\">\u0218i crearea sunetului potrivit nu este at\u00e2t de simpl\u0103. Cercet\u0103torii germani de la Universitatea din Dortmund au ar\u0103tat \u00een septembrie 2023 c\u0103 sunetul se propag\u0103 foarte diferit \u00een func\u021bie de frecven\u021b\u0103. La 160 Hz (frecven\u021b\u0103 joas\u0103), sunetul se r\u0103sp\u00e2nde\u0219te uniform \u00een toate direc\u021biile. Dar la 5000 Hz (frecven\u021b\u0103 \u00eenalt\u0103), apar modele de interferen\u021b\u0103: sunetul devine greu de perceput din anumite unghiuri. Mai r\u0103u, un difuzor prost plasat poate crea o diferen\u021b\u0103 de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 10 decibeli \u00eentre partea st\u00e2ng\u0103 \u0219i cea dreapt\u0103 a ma\u0219inii. \u00cen func\u021bie de locul lor, pietonii s-ar putea s\u0103 nu aud\u0103 deloc ma\u0219ina.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"chapter-1\">Cercet\u0103torii japonezi sus\u021bin c\u0103 au g\u0103sit o solu\u021bie numit\u0103 \u201ezgomotului roz\u201d<\/h2>\n<p id=\"p-4\">Astfel a ap\u0103rut ideea cercet\u0103torilor de la Societatea de Acustic\u0103 din Japonia. Ace\u0219tia au vrut s\u0103 creeze un zgomot universal \u0219i u\u0219or de distins: faimosul zgomot roz. Cercet\u0103torii au creat o bibliotec\u0103 de sunete test\u00e2nd dou\u0103 abord\u0103ri: onomatopee atent selectate \u0219i \u201ezgomot roz\u201d, un sunet bogat \u00een frecven\u021be joase care taie u\u0219or zgomotul ambiental. Voluntarii au ascultat aceste sunete \u00eentr-un studio \u0219i \u00een condi\u021bii reale de trafic. Au trebuit s\u0103 evalueze fiecare sunet \u0219i s\u0103 stabileasc\u0103 dac\u0103 \u201eeste u\u0219or de detectat\u201d \u0219i \u201etransmite un sentiment de urgen\u021b\u0103\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-5\">\u201eAcest stimul sonor a primit cea mai mare not\u0103 datorit\u0103 componentelor sale puternice de joas\u0103 frecven\u021b\u0103 \u0219i asem\u0103n\u0103rii sale cu sunetul motorului unei ma\u0219ini\u201d, explic\u0103 Mei Suzuki, cercet\u0103tor la Societatea de Acustic\u0103 din Japonia. Mai exact, aceste frecven\u021be joase sunt mai pu\u021bin mascate de zgomotul ambiental, permi\u021b\u00e2nd pietonilor s\u0103 aud\u0103 clar vehiculele care se apropie \u00een orice condi\u021bii.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-6\">Pornind de la acest rezultat, echipa de cercetare nu inten\u021bioneaz\u0103 s\u0103 se opreasc\u0103 aici. Exper\u021bii lucreaz\u0103 deja la sisteme de avertizare similare pentru biciclete \u0219i trotinete electrice, care prezint\u0103 aceea\u0219i problem\u0103.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-7\">\u201eCercet\u0103rile privind sistemele de avertizare la apropiere pentru dispozitivele de micromobilitate sunt \u00eenc\u0103 relativ neexplorate. Acest lucru ar putea ajuta la reducerea coliziunilor care implic\u0103 pietoni \u0219i persoane cu deficien\u021be de vedere\u201d, explic\u0103 cercet\u0103torul.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-8\">Concluzia exper\u021bilor este c\u0103 o inova\u021bie simpl\u0103 ar putea salva mii de vie\u021bi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vehiculele electrice sunt implicate \u00een 5,16 accidente la 160 de milioane de kilometri parcur\u0219i. Ma\u0219inile clasice dotate cu motor cu ardere intern\u0103 au o rat\u0103 de 2,40. Statistica demonstreaz\u0103 c\u0103 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=664464\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":664465,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"Default","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/664464"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=664464"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/664464\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/664465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=664464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=664464"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=664464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}