{"id":667101,"date":"2025-12-19T07:36:06","date_gmt":"2025-12-19T07:36:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=667101"},"modified":"2025-12-19T07:36:06","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T07:36:06","slug":"povestea-generalului-chinez-care-a-refuzat-sa-traga-in-demonstrantii-din-tienanmen-nu-am-vrut-sa-raman-in-istorie-ca-un-criminal-pacatos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=667101","title":{"rendered":"Povestea generalului chinez care a refuzat s\u0103 trag\u0103 \u00een demonstran\u021bii din Tienanmen: Nu am vrut s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n \u00een istorie ca un criminal p\u0103c\u0103tos"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/povestea-generalului-chinez-care-a-refuzat-sa-traga-in-demonstrantii-din-tienanmen-nu-am-vrut-sa-raman-in-istorie-ca-un-criminal-pacatos.jpg\" class=\"ff-og-image-inserted\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"p-0\">Generalul Xu Qinxian, comandant \u00een 1989 al Grupului de Armata 38, a refuzat s\u0103-\u0219i trimit\u0103 trupele \u00een Beijing pentru a reprima manifesta\u021biile pro-democra\u021bie. S-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat contrar ordinelor neoficiale date de conducerea Partidului Comunist Chinez \u00een contextul crizei din Pia\u021ba Tienanmen.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-1\">\u00cen procesul militar din 1990, surprins \u00een acest video, Xu a explicat judec\u0103torilor c\u0103 nu putea ordona folosirea for\u021bei \u00eempotriva civililor. El a sus\u021binut c\u0103 o astfel de ac\u021biune ar provoca \u201ehaos \u0219i v\u0103rsare de s\u00e2nge\u201d. A motivat \u0219i faptul c\u0103 un comandant care ar fi executat ordinul ar fi r\u0103mas \u00een istorie ca un criminal \u0219i \u201eun p\u0103c\u0103tos\u201d, scrie <a href=\"https:\/\/www.corriere.it\/esteri\/25_dicembre_18\/video-generale-cinese-tienanmen-9ccadc68-1341-4750-8321-71d8dcaedxlk.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Corriere della Sera<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"chapter-0\">Procesul secret, acum la lumin\u0103<\/h2>\n<p id=\"p-2\">Filmat \u00een fa\u021ba unei cur\u021bi militare, materialul video \u00eel arat\u0103 pe Xu st\u00e2nd \u00een haine civile, flancat de solda\u021bi. \u00cen acest timp judec\u0103torii \u00eel interogheaz\u0103 asupra refuzului de a respecta ordinul de a ac\u021biona militar. Acest judec\u0103tor a fost considerat \u201esecret\u201d \u0219i a r\u0103mas ascuns publicului zeci de ani, fiind redescoperit \u0219i publicat recent pe platforme precum YouTube \u0219i X de c\u0103tre istoricul chinez Wu Renhua, un participant la protestele din 1989. Istoricul a emigrat din China \u0219i s-a stabilit ulterior \u00een Statele Unite.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"\u3010CDTV\u30111989\u5e74\u5f90\u52e4\u5148\u8fdd\u6297\u6212\u4e25\u547d\u4ee4\u6848\u5ead\u5ba1\u5b9e\u5f55\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GNQURAIEueM\" width=\"1037\" height=\"759\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" rel=\"lazyframe\" loading=\"lazy\">[embedded content]<\/iframe><\/p>\n<p id=\"p-4\">Timp de aproape patru decenii, povestea lui Xu a fost aproape \u0219tears\u0103 din arhivele oficiale chineze. Detaliile despre procesul s\u0103u au fost limitate sau eliminate din discursul public intern, p\u00e2n\u0103 la aceast\u0103 dezv\u0103luire nea\u0219teptat\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"chapter-1\">O voce critic\u0103 \u00eentr-un moment istoric controversat<\/h2>\n<p id=\"p-5\">Refuzul lui Xu Qinxian s-a petrecut \u00eentr-o perioad\u0103 \u00een care conducerea Chinei, sub influen\u021ba lui Deng Xiaoping, a considerat necesar\u0103 interven\u021bia militar\u0103 pentru a opri valul de proteste. Aceste evenimente au culminat cu masacrul din Pia\u021ba Tienanmen din 3 \u2013 4 iunie 1989. For\u021bele armate chineze au deschis atunci focul asupra manifestan\u021bilor \u0219i civililor.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-6\">De\u0219i ordinul de mobilizare a trupelor a fost dat verbal, f\u0103r\u0103 documente oficiale, Xu a argumentat \u00een instan\u021b\u0103 c\u0103 o decizie de o asemenea gravitate ar fi trebuit discutat\u0103 la nivelul Congresului Na\u021bional al Poporului, nu doar decretat\u0103 de structuri de partid. El a subliniat astfel tensiunile interne din armat\u0103 \u0219i din conducerea chinez\u0103 de atunci.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"chapter-2\">Condamnarea \u0219i memoria ulterior\u0103<\/h2>\n<p id=\"p-7\">Dup\u0103 proces, Xu a fost expulzat din Partidul Comunist \u0219i condamnat la cinci ani de \u00eenchisoare. Pedeapsa a fost urmat\u0103 de exil intern \u00een Shijiazhuang, provincia Hebei, dup\u0103 eliberare. GEneralul a murit \u00een 2021 la v\u00e2rsta de 85 de ani. Toat\u0103 via\u021ba a continuat s\u0103 sus\u021bin\u0103 faptul c\u0103 a ac\u021bionat din con\u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 regrete.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-8\">Materialul video recent publicat a atras interes interna\u021bional uria\u0219. El ofer\u0103 o rar\u0103 privire asupra unui act de disiden\u021b\u0103 ap\u0103rut \u00eentr-unul dintre cele mai controversate momente din <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mediafax.ro\/externe\/sua-vor-incepe-imediat-testele-nucleare-washingtonul-sustine-ca-rusia-si-china-fac-acelasi-lucru-23660555\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">istoria modern\u0103<\/a> a Chinei. Perioad\u0103 care este dealtfel abil mascat\u0103 de autorit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i extrem de dificil de documentat.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-9\">Masacrul de la Tienanmen r\u0103m\u00e2ne un subiect delicat \u0219i puternic cenzurat \u00een China. Acolo informa\u021biile despre protestele pro-democra\u021bie \u0219i represiuni militare sunt \u00een general suprimate. Apari\u021bia acestui video ofer\u0103 o oportunitate rar\u0103 de reexaminare a unei pove\u0219ti care \u00eembin\u0103 moralitatea, disciplina militar\u0103 \u0219i responsabilitate individual\u0103 \u00eentr-un moment dificil \u0219i de cotitur\u0103 al istoriei chineze moderne.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Generalul Xu Qinxian, comandant \u00een 1989 al Grupului de Armata 38, a refuzat s\u0103-\u0219i trimit\u0103 trupele \u00een Beijing pentru a reprima manifesta\u021biile pro-democra\u021bie. S-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat contrar ordinelor neoficiale date de &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=667101\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":667102,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"Default","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667101"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=667101"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667101\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/667102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=667101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=667101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=667101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}