{"id":671543,"date":"2026-01-15T11:26:04","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T11:26:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=671543"},"modified":"2026-01-15T11:26:04","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T11:26:04","slug":"in-romania-sanatatea-mintala-este-subdiagnosticata-nu-pentru-ca-stam-bine-cu-capul-ci-pentru-ca-nici-acum-n-am-scapat-de-teama-de-stigma-raport-oecd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=671543","title":{"rendered":"\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, s\u0103n\u0103tatea mintal\u0103 este subdiagnosticat\u0103, nu pentru c\u0103 st\u0103m bine cu capul, ci pentru c\u0103 nici acum n-am sc\u0103pat de teama de stigm\u0103 \/ Raport OECD"},"content":{"rendered":"
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De\u0219i \u00een multe sectoare ale S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii lucrurile s-au mai \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit, \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te s\u0103n\u0103tatea mintal\u0103<\/a>, Rom\u00e2nia se confrunt\u0103 cu mari provoc\u0103ri.<\/p>\n

\u00cen mare, sistemul actual al gestion\u0103rii s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii mintale, este axat pe institu\u021bionalizare.<\/p>\n

Accesul la serviciile de psihiatrie este restr\u00e2ns, iar consulta\u021biile psihoterapeutice costisitoare \u0219i stigma social\u0103 fac dificil\u0103 oferirea de \u00eengrijri eficiente.<\/p>\n

Nevoile popula\u021biei, \u00een privin\u021ba s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii mintale, r\u0103m\u00e2n subevaluate \u0219i insuficient deservite.<\/p>\n

Aceasta este, sintetizat, concluzia Raportului OECD despre sistemul de s\u0103n\u0103tate mintal\u0103 din Rom\u00e2nia, un document ce trage, de fapt, un mare semnal de alarm\u0103 asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii mintale din Rom\u00e2nia, care, ne place sau nu, este o grav\u0103 problem\u0103 de s\u0103n\u0103tate public\u0103, subdiagnosticat\u0103 \u0219i precar abordat\u0103.<\/p>\n

Nici acum n-am sc\u0103pat de teama de stigm\u0103<\/h2>\n

Potrivit evalu\u0103rii OECD, tulbur\u0103rile mintale ale rom\u00e2nilor vin din anii grei de traum\u0103 comunist\u0103, o povar\u0103 dus\u0103 incon\u0219tient ani de zile, lucru care devine un indicator important al problemelor sociale asociate cu s\u0103n\u0103tatea mintal\u0103.<\/p>\n

Mul\u021bi rom\u00e2ni evit\u0103 s\u0103 caute ajutor, fie din cauza stigmei care \u00eenconjoar\u0103 problemele de s\u0103n\u0103tate mintal\u0103, fie din lipsa banilor \u2013 rate mult mai ridicate dec\u00e2t \u00een alte state OECD.<\/p>\n

De asemenea, nevoile neacoperite de servicii mintale reprezint\u0103 aproximativ 12% din totalul nevoilor de s\u0103n\u0103tate ne\u00eendeplinite, ceea ce reflect\u0103 dificult\u0103\u021bile reale ale pacien\u021bilor \u00een a accesa \u00eengrijire adecvat\u0103.<\/p>\n

Sistemul de s\u0103n\u0103tate mintal\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2ne axat pe institu\u021bii \u0219i nu prea are alternative la asta<\/h2>\n

\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, \u00eengrijirea persoanelor cu afec\u021biuni mintale se bazeaz\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 preponderent pe spitalizare \u0219i tratament medicamentos.<\/p>\n

Este, \u00eenc\u0103, foarte greu de g\u0103sit alternative comunitare sau servicii primare de suport psihosocial, de\u0219i logistic\u0103 ar fi.<\/p>\n

Dotarea de paturi \u00een sec\u021biile de psihiatrie este relativ mare (0,9 la mia de locuitori \u00een 2023) \u2013 o medie mai mare dec\u00e2t a altor state OECD, dar aceast\u0103 abordare institu\u021bional\u0103 nu reu\u0219e\u0219te s\u0103 r\u0103spund\u0103 eficient nevoilor de tratament pe termen lung \u0219i de reintegrare social\u0103 a pacien\u021bilor.<\/p>\n

\u00cen privin\u021ba aceasta, a dot\u0103rii de paturi, Rom\u00e2nia se afl\u0103 pe un onorabil loc 4, dup\u0103 Coreea de Sud, Japonia \u0219i Germania, \u00een timp ce \u021b\u0103ri ca Luxemburg, Finlanda, Danemarca, Olanda sunt departe \u00een clasamentul \u00eenchis de Costa Rica.<\/p>\n

Raportul subliniaz\u0103, de asemenea, c\u0103 serviciile post-externare pentru sprijin psihosocial \u0219i reabilitare sunt fragmentate \u0219i insuficiente, ceea ce poate duce la fenomenul \u201eu\u0219ii rotative\u201d \u2014 persoanele revin frecvent din cauz\u0103 c\u0103 lipse\u0219te \u00eengrijrea continu\u0103 \u0219i adecvat\u0103.<\/p>\n

Costuri \u00een cre\u0219tere pentru societate<\/h2>\n

Unul dintre capitolele raportului OECD eviden\u021biaz\u0103 c\u0103 tulbur\u0103rile mintale au generat costuri considerabile pentru Rom\u00e2nia, estimate la aproximativ 10 miliarde de euro \u00een 2022 \u2014 aproape 4% din PIB, incluz\u00e2nd costuri directe \u00een sistemul de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i efectele asupra pie\u021bei muncii.<\/p>\n

Recomand\u0103ri pentru reform\u0103<\/h2>\n

OECD recomand\u0103 Rom\u00e2niei s\u0103 dezvolte o strategie na\u021bional\u0103 de s\u0103n\u0103tate mintal\u0103 cu resurse adecvate \u0219i angajament politic puternic, care s\u0103 extind\u0103 rolul serviciilor comunitare \u0219i de \u00eengrijire primar\u0103, s\u0103 reduc\u0103 dependen\u021ba de spitalizare \u0219i s\u0103 combat\u0103 stigmatizarea prin educa\u021bie \u0219i integrare social\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u201eRom\u00e2nia s-a angajat s\u0103 realizeze tranzi\u021bia de la serviciile spitalice\u0219ti c\u0103tre asisten\u021ba medical\u0103 primar\u0103 \u0219i serviciile comunitare, a\u0219a cum se men\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een Strategia Na\u021bional\u0103 de S\u0103n\u0103tate 2023-2030 \u0219i \u00een Programul Opera\u021bional S\u0103n\u0103tate 2021-2027. De asemenea, \u021bara a luat m\u0103suri pentru consolidarea preven\u021biei \u0219i a screening-ului \u00een cadrul asisten\u021bei primare, cu sprijinul financiar asigurat prin investi\u021biile din PNRR\u201d, se men\u021bioneaZ\u0103 \u00een raport.<\/p>\n

Screening de tip \u201eriscogram\u0103\u201d \u0219i preven\u021bie<\/h2>\n

\u201eAcest lucru presupune furnizarea unui test de screening de tip \u201eriscogram\u0103\u201d, oferirea unui control preventiv anual pentru adul\u021bii cu v\u00e2rsta de peste 18 ani (care, \u00eenainte de 2023, era acordat o dat\u0103 la trei ani pentru persoanele \u00eentre 18 \u0219i 39 de ani) \u0219i restructurarea metodei de plat\u0103 a furnizorilor pentru a \u00eencuraja medicii de familie s\u0103 depisteze \u0219i s\u0103 monitorizeze pacien\u021bii cu boli cronice, \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu anul 2024.<\/p>\n

Recent, \u021bara a introdus o schem\u0103 de plat\u0103 bazat\u0103 pe performan\u021b\u0103 (P4P) care recompenseaz\u0103 activit\u0103\u021bile preventive cu un tarif mai mare \u0219i a crescut ponderea pl\u0103\u021bilor per serviciu de la 50% la 65%, reduc\u00e2nd cota per capita din remunera\u021bie pentru a \u00eencuraja managementul bolilor \u0219i preven\u021bia \u00een asisten\u021ba primar\u0103.<\/p>\n

De asemenea, Rom\u00e2nia depune eforturi pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi furnizarea serviciilor de asisten\u021b\u0103 primar\u0103 \u0219i comunitar\u0103 prin dezvoltarea unei re\u021bele de aproximativ o sut\u0103 de centre comunitare integrate pe tot teritoriul \u021b\u0103rii, al\u0103turi de modernizarea facilit\u0103\u021bilor de diagnostic \u0219i testare din cadrul acestor centre.<\/p>\n

Totu\u0219i, aceste ac\u021biuni ar trebui sus\u021binute de un angajament politic puternic \u0219i de realocarea resurselor c\u0103tre asisten\u021ba primar\u0103 \u0219i preven\u021bie, pentru a construi un sistem de s\u0103n\u0103tate mai solid \u0219i mai rezilient, capabil s\u0103 r\u0103spund\u0103 nevoilor unei popula\u021bii \u00een curs de \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nire \u0219i viitoarelor provoc\u0103ri din domeniul s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii\u201d, men\u021bioneaz\u0103 raportul.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

De\u0219i \u00een multe sectoare ale S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii lucrurile s-au mai \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit, \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te s\u0103n\u0103tatea mintal\u0103, Rom\u00e2nia se confrunt\u0103 cu mari provoc\u0103ri. \u00cen mare, sistemul actual al gestion\u0103rii s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii mintale, … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":671544,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"Default","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/671543"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=671543"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/671543\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/671544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=671543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=671543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=671543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}