{"id":678937,"date":"2026-02-26T19:56:03","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T19:56:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=678937"},"modified":"2026-02-26T19:56:03","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T19:56:03","slug":"13-milioane-de-bolnavi-in-2024-si-un-singur-antibiotic-ramas-eficient-o-boala-face-ravagii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=678937","title":{"rendered":"13 milioane de bolnavi \u00een 2024 \u0219i un singur antibiotic r\u0103mas eficient. O boal\u0103 face ravagii"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 trag un semnal de alarm\u0103: ultima op\u021biune de tratament oral ar putea s\u0103 dispar\u0103 \u00een cur\u00e2nd.<\/p>\n

Febra tifoid\u0103 este cauzat\u0103 de bacteria Salmonella enterica serotip Typhi. Dac\u0103 nu este tratat\u0103, poate fi fatal\u0103 \u00een p\u00e2n\u0103 la 20% din cazuri. \u00cen 2024, au fost raportate peste 13 milioane de cazuri la nivel mondial, scrie Il Messaggero<\/a>.<\/p>\n

P\u00e2n\u0103 acum, antibioticele erau singurul tratament eficient. Problema este c\u0103 bacteria a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat s\u0103 le ocoleasc\u0103. \u00cen ultimii treizeci de ani, rezisten\u021ba la antibioticele orale a crescut semnificativ \u0219i s-a r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit \u00een toat\u0103 lumea.<\/p>\n

Tulpinile XDR, cea mai mare amenin\u021bare<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Un studiu din 2022 a analizat 3.489 de tulpini de bacterii colectate \u00een Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan \u0219i India. Concluzia a fost \u00eengrijor\u0103toare: tulpinile rezistente la mai multe medicamente, denumite XDR, se \u00eenmul\u021besc rapid.<\/p>\n

Aceste tulpini nu sunt rezistente doar la antibioticele clasice. Ele dezvolt\u0103 rezisten\u021b\u0103 \u0219i la medicamente mai noi, inclusiv fluorochinolone \u0219i cefalosporine de genera\u021bia a treia. Prima tulpin\u0103 XDR a fost identificat\u0103 \u00een Pakistan \u00een 2016. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2019 devenise dominant\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga \u021bar\u0103.<\/p>\n

Ultima linie de ap\u0103rare<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ast\u0103zi, a mai r\u0103mas un singur antibiotic oral eficient \u00eempotriva febrei tifoide: azitromicina. Dar \u0219i aceasta este amenin\u021bat\u0103. Studiul din 2022 a identificat muta\u021bii care confer\u0103 rezisten\u021b\u0103 la azitromicin\u0103. Dac\u0103 aceste muta\u021bii s-ar combina cu tulpinile XDR, op\u021biunile de tratament ar fi practic eliminate.<\/p>\n

Potrivit lui Jason Andrews de la Universitatea Stanford, viteza cu care se r\u0103sp\u00e2ndesc tulpinile rezistente este un motiv de \u00eengrijorare serioas\u0103. De\u0219i majoritatea cazurilor provin din Asia de Sud, tulpinile rezistente au fost detectate deja \u00een Marea Britanie, SUA \u0219i Canada.<\/p>\n

Vaccinarea, singura solu\u021bie<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00centr-o lume globalizat\u0103, o bacterie rezistent\u0103 se poate r\u0103sp\u00e2ndi rapid, a\u0219a cum a demonstrat pandemia COVID-19. Asia de Sud reprezint\u0103 70% din cazurile globale, dar nicio \u021bar\u0103 nu este ferit\u0103.<\/p>\n

OMS a precalificat patru vaccinuri conjugate \u00eempotriva febrei tifoide \u00een aprilie 2025. Pakistanul a fost prima \u021bar\u0103 care a introdus vaccinarea de rutin\u0103. Alte \u021b\u0103ri urmeaz\u0103 acela\u0219i drum.<\/p>\n

Rezisten\u021ba la antibiotice ucide ast\u0103zi mai mul\u021bi oameni dec\u00e2t HIV\/SIDA sau malaria. Febra tifoid\u0103 ar putea deveni urm\u0103toarea urgen\u021b\u0103 major\u0103 de s\u0103n\u0103tate global\u0103 dac\u0103 nu se ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 rapid.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 trag un semnal de alarm\u0103: ultima op\u021biune de tratament oral ar putea s\u0103 dispar\u0103 \u00een cur\u00e2nd. Febra tifoid\u0103 este cauzat\u0103 de bacteria Salmonella enterica serotip Typhi. Dac\u0103 … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":678938,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"Default","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/678937"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=678937"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/678937\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/678938"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=678937"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=678937"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=678937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}