{"id":685650,"date":"2026-04-04T22:26:04","date_gmt":"2026-04-04T22:26:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=685650"},"modified":"2026-04-04T22:26:04","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T22:26:04","slug":"cercetatorii-au-descoperit-de-ce-gripa-si-covid-19-afecteaza-atat-de-grav-persoanele-in-varsta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=685650","title":{"rendered":"Cercet\u0103torii au descoperit de ce gripa \u0219i COVID-19 afecteaz\u0103 at\u00e2t de grav persoanele \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Persoanele \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 sunt mult mai predispuse s\u0103 dezvolte forme grave de grip\u0103 sau COVID, iar o nou\u0103 cercetare de la UC San Francisco ofer\u0103 o explica\u021bie.<\/p>\n

Studiul arat\u0103 c\u0103 celulele pulmonare \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nite pot declan\u0219a o reac\u021bie imunitar\u0103 excesiv de agresiv\u0103, care poate transforma chiar \u0219i infec\u021biile u\u0219oare \u00een afec\u021biuni grave, arat\u0103 ScienceDaily<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Aceste descoperiri ofer\u0103 o nou\u0103 perspectiv\u0103 asupra inflama\u021biei legate de v\u00e2rst\u0103 \u0219i ajut\u0103 la explicarea motivului pentru care ceva at\u00e2t de simplu precum o tuse poate duce uneori la spitalizarea persoanelor \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103.<\/p>\n

Celulele pulmonare \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nite \u0219i inflama\u021bia<\/h2>\n

Pentru a explora ce se schimb\u0103 \u00een pl\u0103m\u00e2nii v\u00e2rstnicilor, cercet\u0103torii s-au concentrat pe fibroblaste, celulele structurale care ajut\u0103 la men\u021binerea \u021besutului pulmonar. \u00cen experimentele cu \u0219oareci tineri, ace\u0219tia au activat un semnal de stres asociat de obicei cu \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirea.<\/p>\n

Acest lucru a determinat pl\u0103m\u00e2nii s\u0103 dezvolte grupuri de celule inflamate, inclusiv unele marcate de gena GZMK, care a fost identificat\u0103 pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een cazurile severe de COVID-19.<\/p>\n

Cercet\u0103torii cred c\u0103 tratamentele viitoare ar putea viza aceste celule pentru a \u00eentrerupe ciclul d\u0103un\u0103tor cunoscut sub numele de inflammaging.<\/p>\n

\u201eAm fost surprin\u0219i s\u0103 vedem c\u0103 fibroblastele pulmonare colaboreaz\u0103 cu celulele imune pentru a stimula inflamarea\u201d, a declarat dr. Tien Peng, profesor de medicin\u0103 \u0219i membru al Institutului de Cercetare Cardiovascular\u0103 \u0219i al Institutului de Cercetare a \u00cemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirii Bakar de la UCSF.<\/p>\n

\u201eAcest lucru sugereaz\u0103 noi modalit\u0103\u021bi de interven\u021bie \u00eenainte ca pacien\u021bii s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la o inflama\u021bie sever\u0103 care poate necesita intubare\u201d.<\/p>\n

Fibroblastele \u0219i calea NF-kB<\/h2>\n

Fibroblastele joac\u0103 un rol cheie \u00een men\u021binerea stabilit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bii c\u0103ilor respiratorii \u0219i a alveolelor pulmonare.<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, se \u0219tie c\u0103 ele contribuie la inflama\u021bie \u00een afec\u021biuni precum BPOC. Echipa de cercetare a dorit s\u0103 determine dac\u0103 semnalele provenite de la aceste celule ar putea perturba pl\u0103m\u00e2nii altfel s\u0103n\u0103to\u0219i.<\/p>\n

Ei au examinat o cale numit\u0103 NF-kB, care este asociat\u0103 \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit cu bolile legate de \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nire. C\u00e2nd au fost activate, fibroblastele au semnalat macrofagelor din pl\u0103m\u00e2ni s\u0103 ini\u021bieze un r\u0103spuns imun.<\/p>\n

Acest r\u0103spuns a atras apoi celule imune suplimentare din fluxul sanguin, inclusiv cele marcate de GZMK.<\/p>\n

De\u0219i aceste celule GZMK nu erau eficiente \u00een combaterea infec\u021biei, ele erau totu\u0219i capabile s\u0103 afecteze \u021besutul pulmonar.<\/p>\n

Grupuri de celule imune \u0219i leziuni pulmonare<\/h2>\n

Dup\u0103 formarea acestor grupuri de celule imune, \u0219oarecii tineri au dezvoltat simptome severe atunci c\u00e2nd au fost infecta\u021bi, asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu r\u0103spunsul observat de obicei la adul\u021bii \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2nd cercet\u0103torii au folosit o metod\u0103 genetic\u0103 pentru a elimina celulele GZMK, \u0219oarecii au tolerat mai bine infec\u021bia.<\/p>\n

Aceast\u0103 descoperire sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirea \u021besutului pulmonar \u00een sine poate fi un factor major al inflama\u021biei d\u0103un\u0103toare.<\/p>\n

Cercet\u0103torii au examinat, de asemenea, \u021besutul pulmonar de la pacien\u021bi v\u00e2rstnici spitaliza\u021bi cu SDRA (sindrom de detres\u0103 respiratorie acut\u0103) asociat COVID-ului.<\/p>\n

Aceste probe con\u021bineau aglomer\u0103ri de celule inflamate similare cu cele observate la \u0219oareci. Pacien\u021bii cu forme mai severe ale bolii prezentau un num\u0103r mai mare de astfel de aglomer\u0103ri, \u00een timp ce pl\u0103m\u00e2nii donatorilor s\u0103n\u0103to\u0219i nu prezentau deloc.<\/p>\n

\u201eAm observat \u00een timpul pandemiei de COVID c\u0103 pacien\u021bii no\u0219tri cei mai vulnerabili nu mai aveau infec\u021bia, dar prezentau \u00een continuare o inflama\u021bie pulmonar\u0103 persistent\u0103 \u0219i devastatoare\u201d, a spus Peng.<\/p>\n

\u201eAcest circuit de disfunc\u021bionalitate \u00eentre celulele pulmonare \u0219i cele imune constituie o nou\u0103 \u021bint\u0103 terapeutic\u0103 promi\u021b\u0103toare\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Persoanele \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 sunt mult mai predispuse s\u0103 dezvolte forme grave de grip\u0103 sau COVID, iar o nou\u0103 cercetare de la UC San Francisco ofer\u0103 o explica\u021bie. Studiul arat\u0103 c\u0103 … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":685651,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"Default","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/685650"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=685650"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/685650\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/685651"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=685650"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=685650"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=685650"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}