{"id":715507,"date":"2026-09-28T07:56:03","date_gmt":"2026-09-28T07:56:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=715507"},"modified":"2026-09-28T07:56:03","modified_gmt":"2026-09-28T07:56:03","slug":"cati-romani-au-reusit-sa-fuga-in-germania-in-comunism-cnsas-publica-documente-de-arhiva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=715507","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2\u021bi rom\u00e2ni au reu\u0219it s\u0103 fug\u0103 \u00een Germania \u00een comunism? CNSAS public\u0103 documente de arhiv\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u201eToamna anului 1989 ascundea o realitate pe care regimul Ceau\u0219escu \u00eencerca cu disperare s\u0103 o cenzureze: Rom\u00e2nia socialist\u0103 se depopula continuu. \u00centre 1987 \u0219i 1989, zeci de mii de cet\u0103\u021beni (\u00een special etnici germani, dar \u0219i rom\u00e2ni sau maghiari) au for\u021bat prin orice mijloace ie\u0219irea din R.S.R. cu destina\u0163ia Republica Federal\u0103 Germania\u201d, transmite CNSAS, \u00eentr-o postare publicat\u0103, luni, pe Facebook. <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00cen ultimii 3 ani ai regimului comunist, 47.123 de rom\u00e2ni au depus cerere pentru plecarea definitiv\u0103 \u00een R.F. Germania.<\/p>\n

Regimul a cedat par\u021bial presiunilor (mai ales celor externe) \u0219i a aprobat 35.486 de plec\u0103ri, men\u021bin\u00e2nd un ritm controlat de circa 12.000 de emigran\u021bi anual. <\/span><\/p>\n

Potrivit CNSAS, \u00een 1987 au plecat 12.175 de rom\u00e2ni, \u00een 1988 au plecat 12.744 de rom\u00e2ni, iar \u00een primele 8 luni din 1989 au plecat 10.147 de rom\u00e2ni.<\/p>\n

La \u00eenceputul lunii septembrie 1989 regimul comunist avea 88.939 de cereri de plecare \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate de solu\u021bionat. Unele dosare erau blocate \u00eenc\u0103 din anul 1975. <\/span><\/p>\n

Cum fugeau rom\u00e2nii din \u021bar\u0103?<\/h2>\n

Potrivit CNSAS, cea mai sigur\u0103 metod\u0103 de evaziune (n.r. \u2013 ce \u00eensemna p\u0103r\u0103sirea ilegal\u0103 a \u021b\u0103rii \u00een jargonul Securit\u0103\u021bii) era refuzul de \u00eentoarcere din c\u0103l\u0103torii sau tranzit. A\u0219a, 5.536 de rom\u00e2ni au reu\u0219it s\u0103 plece din \u021bar\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen 1988, regimul comunist a blocat aproape toate vizele turistice, \u00een 1989 fiind aprobate doar 368 de vize.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cei care nu mai aveau r\u0103bdare sau nu aveau nicio \u0219ans\u0103 la pa\u0219aport au \u00eenfruntat direct f\u00e2\u0219ia sau Dun\u0103rea. A\u0219adar, peste <\/span>2.243 de persoane au trecut ilegal grani\u021ba, ajung\u00e2nd cu succes \u00een Germania. Peste 75% au fost b\u0103rba\u021bi, iar jum\u0103tate tineri \u00eentre 19 \u0219i 30 de ani. <\/span><\/p>\n

Jude\u0163ul Timi\u0219, \u00een schimb, a fost zona curajului: un total de 1.138 de timi\u0219eni au reu\u0219it s\u0103 fug\u0103 din Rom\u00e2nia \u00een R.F. Germania. <\/span><\/p>\n

Este \u0219i cazul celor trei membri ai trupei Phoenix, <\/strong><\/a><\/span>\u201eIoji\u201d Kappl, Erland Krauser \u0219i Ovidiu Lipan \u021a\u0103nd\u0103ric\u0103, care au reu\u0219it s\u0103 fug\u0103 \u00een 1977<\/strong> \u00een Germania. La \u00eendemnul \u0219i cu ajutorul lui Nicu Covaci, ace\u0219tia au reu\u0219it s\u0103 treac\u0103 grani\u021ba \u00eentr-un camion cu instrumente de concert, ascun\u0219i \u00een tobe, dup\u0103 cum a povestit Kappl, \u00een detaliu, pentru G\u00e2ndul. <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Covaci plecase \u0219i el \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate \u00een 1976, fiind, la acea vreme, \u00eensurat cu o femeie de origine olandez\u0103. Dup\u0103 cutremurul din \u201977 el s-a \u00eentors \u00een \u021bar\u0103 al\u0103turi de un prieten german, care avea p\u0103rin\u021bi \u00een Timi\u0219oara \u0219i atunci le-a propus membrilor Phoenix s\u0103 fug\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te r\u0103m\u00e2nerea \u00een excursii, 1.059 de persoane din Timi\u0219 au reu\u0219it s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate. Potrivit CNSAS, grosul fugarilor, \u00eens\u0103 a fost format, din muncitori.<\/p>\n

484 de rom\u00e2ni prin\u0219i la grani\u021b\u0103<\/h2>\n

Cu toate acestea, nu to\u021bi au reu\u0219it, la fel membrii Phoenix, s\u0103 fug\u0103 cu succes din \u021bar\u0103. 484 de rom\u00e2ni au fost prin\u0219i \u00een tentativa de trecere frauduloas\u0103 \u0219i au fost aresta\u021bi de gr\u0103niceri.<\/p>\n

Epicentrul birocratic al emigra\u0163iei a fost Sibiul, care de\u021binea recordul na\u021bional la dosare blocate (28.658) \u0219i aprob\u0103ri oficiale (9.968).<\/span><\/p>\n

Bucure\u0219tiul s-a situat pe locul 2 la refuzul de \u00eentoarcere din excursii (950), gener\u00e2nd o migra\u021bie pur urban\u0103 \u0219i intelectual\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n

Potrivit CNSAS, un total de 5.536 de persoane au refuzat s\u0103 se \u00eentoarc\u0103 din excursii, iar 2.243 persoane, la fel cei trei membrii au trupei Phoenix, au reu\u0219it s\u0103 fug\u0103 cu succes din \u021bar\u0103. <\/span><\/p>\n

Documentele prezentate de CNSAS fac parte din dosarul A.C.N.S.A.S. Cab. I.V., vol. 48  (fond MapN, Cabinet Iulian Vlad, vol. 48).<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201eToamna anului 1989 ascundea o realitate pe care regimul Ceau\u0219escu \u00eencerca cu disperare s\u0103 o cenzureze: Rom\u00e2nia socialist\u0103 se depopula continuu. \u00centre 1987 \u0219i 1989, zeci de mii de cet\u0103\u021beni … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":715508,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"Default","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/715507"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=715507"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/715507\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/715508"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=715507"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=715507"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=715507"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}