{"id":717791,"date":"2026-10-12T13:16:03","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T13:16:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=717791"},"modified":"2026-10-12T13:16:03","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T13:16:03","slug":"banana-modificata-cu-o-foarfeca-invizibila-care-a-primit-aprobare-in-11-tari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/?p=717791","title":{"rendered":"Banana modificat\u0103 cu o \u201efoarfec\u0103 invizibil\u0103\u201d care a primit aprobare \u00een 11 \u021b\u0103ri"},"content":{"rendered":"
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O banan\u0103 obi\u0219nuit\u0103, odat\u0103 t\u0103iat\u0103, \u00eencepe s\u0103 se \u00eennegreasc\u0103 \u00een c\u00e2teva minute. Noua varietate Cavendish dezvoltat\u0103 de o companie britanic\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i p\u0103streaz\u0103 culoarea galben\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 24 de ore dup\u0103 decojire, potrivit Focus<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Directorul companiei, Gilad Gershon, a precizat c\u0103 pulpa rezist\u0103 la \u00eennegrire o zi sau dou\u0103, iar la frigider \u0219i mai mult.<\/p>\n

Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103<\/h2>\n

Cele mai multe banane din comer\u021b sunt de tip Cavendish. Fiind fructe sterile, f\u0103r\u0103 semin\u021be, fiecare plant\u0103 se \u00eenmul\u021be\u0219te prin clonare. Cercet\u0103torii au folosit tehnica CRISPR-Cas9, numit\u0103 \u0219i \u201efoarfeca molecular\u0103\u201d, pentru a dezactiva cele trei copii ale genei PPO1. Aceast\u0103 gen\u0103 produce polifenol-oxidaza, o enzim\u0103 bogat\u0103 \u00een cupru care face fructul s\u0103 se \u00eennegreasc\u0103 \u00een contact cu aerul. Pentru c\u0103 banana se cloneaz\u0103, modificarea trece neschimbat\u0103 de la o plant\u0103 la alta.<\/p>\n

Practic, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au localizat gena PPO1, responsabil\u0103 de producerea enzimei care oxideaz\u0103 pulpa fructului \u00een contact cu oxigenul.<\/p>\n

Cu ajutorul tehnologiei CRISPR-Cas9, gena a fost dezactivat\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 a se introduce ADN de la o alt\u0103 specie.<\/p>\n

\nDeoarece bananele Cavendish sunt sterile \u0219i se \u00eenmul\u021besc prin clone, modificarea se transmite identic la absolut toate plantele noi, f\u0103r\u0103 riscul de a se pierde \u00een timp.<\/p>\n

Procesul de \u00eennegrire a bananelor clasice este accelerat de lamele metalice ale cu\u021bitelor obi\u0219nuite. Ionii de fier transfera\u021bi pe pulpa fructului \u00een timpul t\u0103ierii ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca un catalizator pentru enzima polifenol-oxidaz\u0103. P\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd banana CRISPR va ajunge pe toate rafturile din Europa, singurul mod eficient de a bloca procesul acas\u0103 este s\u0103 strope\u0219ti feliile cu un antioxidant natural puternic, cum ar fi sucul proasp\u0103t de l\u0103m\u00e2ie sau portocale.<\/p>\n

Aprobat\u0103 \u00een 11 \u021b\u0103ri<\/h2>\n

Ministerul britanic al Mediului, Alimenta\u021biei \u0219i Afacerilor Rurale (Defra) a recunoscut banana drept \u201eorganism ob\u021binut prin selec\u021bie de precizie\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00cen aceast\u0103 categorie intr\u0103 modific\u0103rile care ar fi putut fi ob\u021binute, teoretic, \u0219i prin selec\u021bie tradi\u021bional\u0103. Mai lipse\u0219te avizul de siguran\u021b\u0103 alimentar\u0103 al Food Standards Agency. P\u00e2n\u0103 acum, niciun produs din aceast\u0103 categorie nu a primit o asemenea aprobare \u00een Anglia. Dac\u0103 va fi aprobat\u0103, banana nu va trebui etichetat\u0103 ca \u201emodificat\u0103 genetic\u201d.<\/p>\n

Schimb\u0103rile climatice \u0219i bolile for\u021beaz\u0103 transformarea agriculturii la nivel mondial. Alte 5 alimente de baz\u0103 risc\u0103 s\u0103 dispar\u0103 din supermarketuri \u00een urm\u0103torii ani. Este vorba despre ciocolata\/cacao, cafeaua, ceaiul, nucile \u0219i avocado, conform bigissue.com<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fructul are deja aprob\u0103ri \u00een 11 \u021b\u0103ri, printre care Statele Unite, Canada \u0219i Filipine. \u00cen aprilie 2026, Japonia \u0219i Brazilia l-au aprobat pentru import, v\u00e2nzare \u0219i consum, iar Brazilia permite \u0219i cultivarea lui.<\/p>\n

\u00cen Uniunea European\u0103, plantele editate genetic sunt \u00eenc\u0103 tratate ca organisme modificate genetic.<\/h2>\n

Noul regulament european privind noile tehnici genomice a fost adoptat pe 17 iunie 2026, dar se aplic\u0103 abia din 17 iulie 2028. Plantele din prima categorie, considerate echivalente celor conven\u021bionale, nu vor mai avea etichet\u0103 special\u0103 pe alimente, ci doar pe semin\u021be.<\/p>\n

Miza este risipa. Doar \u00een Marea Britanie s-ar arunca zilnic aproximativ 1,4 milioane de banane. Potrivit companiei, \u00eennegrirea provoac\u0103 aproximativ 20% din pierderile de banane<\/a><\/em>, iar noua varietate ar putea reduce cu peste 25% risipa \u0219i emisiile din lan\u021bul de aprovizionare.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

O banan\u0103 obi\u0219nuit\u0103, odat\u0103 t\u0103iat\u0103, \u00eencepe s\u0103 se \u00eennegreasc\u0103 \u00een c\u00e2teva minute. Noua varietate Cavendish dezvoltat\u0103 de o companie britanic\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i p\u0103streaz\u0103 culoarea galben\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 24 de ore dup\u0103 … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":717792,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"Default","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/717791"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=717791"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/717791\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/717792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=717791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=717791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microscopemedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=717791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}